Species non-exchangeability in probabilistic ecotoxicological risk assessment

Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Aquatic Ecosystems

With the goal of providing food for the human race as well as having a stable food supply at present and in the future, agricultural chemicals (i.e. pesticides) are being disseminated as economically effective methods for preventing reduced yields in crops due to damage by insects and weeds. The pesticides are roughly divided from their targets into insecticides which include insect growth regu...

Advances in Soil Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment of Chemical Stressors

Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Terrestrial Ecosystems

With the increasing awareness of environmental protection worldwide, it is becoming more and more important to evaluate the effects of chemical substances on the natural environment. With pesticides being intentionally released into the natural environment to protect crops from harmful insects, weeds and pathogenic microorganisms, countries worldwide, with Europe and the United States taking th...

Probabilistic risk assessment of cotton pyrethroids: V. Combining landscape-level exposures and ecotoxicological effects data to characterize risks.

Since their introduction, synthetic pyrethroid insecticides have generated regulatory concerns regarding their toxicity to fish and aquatic invertebrates. In this paper we assess the potential for risks to aquatic ecosystems in cotton-growing areas, focusing on cypermethrin as a suitable representative of the pyrethroid class and static water bodies (ponds and lakes) as worst-case water bodies ...

Maximal non-exchangeability in dimension d

We give the maximal distance between a copula and itself when the argument is permuted for arbitrary dimension, generalizing a result for dimension two by Nelsen (2007); Klement and Mesiar (2006). Furthermore, we establish a subset of [0, 1] in which this bound might be attained. For each point in this subset we present a copula and a permutation, for which the distance in this point is maximal...